Types of Hornets | Tennessee Pest ID Guide
Quick Facts About Hornets
Hornets represent some of the largest and most intimidating stinging insects found in Tennessee. While many insects are colloquially called “hornets,” true hornets belong specifically to the genus Vespa, with other similar insects being closely related wasps that share many characteristics with true hornets
What Do Hornets Look Like?
Hornets are among the largest members of the wasp family (Hymenoptera). They have the distinctive narrow waist common to wasps but are generally larger and more robust in appearance. Their coloration varies by species, but all share the smooth, shiny appearance characteristic of wasps rather than the fuzzy texture of bees.Types of Hornets in Tennessee
European Hornet
The European hornet is the only true hornet (genus Vespa) found in the United States and has the following characteristics:
- Large size, approximately 1 inch in length
- Yellow and brown coloration pattern
- Primarily carnivorous, preying on other insects
- Known to attack honey bees and other beneficial insects
- Builds large paper nests from chewed wood and plant matter
- Aggressive when threatened or when nest is disturbed
Bald-Faced Hornet
Though not technically a true hornet taxonomically, the bald-faced hornet is commonly identified as such and shares many characteristics:
- Slightly smaller than European hornets, approximately 0.75 inches long
- Distinctive black body with white markings on face and thorax
- Builds large, enclosed paper nests in trees, bushes, or buildings
- Capable of stinging multiple times, unlike bees
- Highly defensive of nest and will attack in groups when threatened
- More aggressive than many other stinging insects
Where to Look for Hornets in Your Home
Hornets typically build their distinctive paper nests in protected locations around your property:
- Under eaves and overhangs of buildings
- In trees and large shrubs
- Attached to outdoor structures like sheds and gazebos
- nside attics or wall voids if they find entry points
- Under decks or porches with adequate shelter
The nests are constructed from chewed wood fibers mixed with hornet saliva, creating a paper-like material. European hornet nests may be located in tree hollows, building voids, or other enclosed spaces, while bald-faced hornet nests are often visible hanging from tree branches or building eaves.
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